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Why do short term workers have high mortality?

H A Kolstad¹, J Olsen

¹Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark.

American Journal of Epidemiology

|February 20, 1999

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Workers with prior hospitalizations, especially for alcohol abuse or violence, face a higher risk of short-term employment. Pre-employment health status significantly impacts job duration, suggesting health-related selection into employment.

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Epidemiology
Sociomedical Science

Background:

Short-term employment is linked to increased mortality, potentially due to selection bias or differing social/lifestyle factors.
Understanding these factors is crucial for accurate occupational exposure studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of pre-employment health status and lifestyle on short-term employment.
To differentiate between health-related selection and lifestyle as determinants of job duration.

Main Methods:

A cohort study of 16,404 Danish reinforced plastics industry workers (1978-1988).
Analysis of pre-employment hospitalization records (1977-1984) and employment duration.
Calculation of rate ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) for employment termination.

Keywords:

Behavior Demographic Factors Denmark Developed Countries Differential Mortality Economic Factors Employment Europe Health Life Style Macroeconomic Factors Mortality Northern Europe Population Population Dynamics Scandinavia Time Factors

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Main Results:

Workers with prior hospitalizations had a 20% higher risk of early job termination (RR=1.20).
Risk increased with the number of hospitalizations.
Pre-employment alcohol abuse or violence-related hospitalizations significantly increased short-term employment risk (RR=2.30 and RR=1.86, respectively).

Conclusions:

Pre-employment health conditions, particularly those related to alcohol abuse and violence, are significant predictors of short-term employment.
Health-related selection is a critical factor to consider when designing occupational health studies and selecting reference groups.