The use of time-expanded speech as an aid in the diagnosis of articulation disorders

Related Concept Videos

Language Development I: Behaviorist Perspective01:15

Language Development I: Behaviorist Perspective

Skinner’s behaviorist perspective explains language development through experience and learned associations. Children learn language through operant conditioning, in which behaviors followed by positive consequences become more likely to happen again. Caregiver responses gradually shape infants’ vocalizations.Reinforcement and Speech DevelopmentInfants first produce random babbling without intending specific meanings. When a sound resembles a word or adult speech, caregivers may respond with...
Perceiving Language Sounds and Structure During Infancy01:20

Perceiving Language Sounds and Structure During Infancy

Infants are born with a predisposition to perceive and categorize basic linguistic sounds. Early in development, they can discriminate sounds from many languages and detect differences in rhythm and pattern. This sensitivity may begin before birth. Newborns exposed to two languages prenatally can recognize both, indicating that fetal language exposure influences later auditory discrimination.Recognition of Familiar SoundsBy five months, infants show preferences for familiar auditory stimuli,...
Gestures During Infancy and Toddlerhood01:29

Gestures During Infancy and Toddlerhood

Gestures are nonverbal movements of the hands, arms, or face that allow infants and toddlers to communicate emotions, needs, and intentions before speech develops. Gesture use generally appears before spoken language and decreases as vocabulary expands. For example, an 11-month-old may raise their arms to request being picked up, whereas an 18-month-old may say “up.”Types of GesturesChildren mainly use deictic and representational gestures. Deictic gestures emerge around six months and include...
First Words During Infancy and Toddlerhood: Part 101:26

First Words During Infancy and Toddlerhood: Part 1

Language development in infancy progresses from understanding words to producing meaningful speech. Infants use contextual and social cues to connect sounds with meanings and gradually expand their vocabulary.Word Recognition Before SpeechInfants understand words before they can say them. By about six months, they may look toward a familiar object, such as a banana, when hearing its name. This receptive vocabulary provides a foundation for later speech.First Words and Linguistic SpeechMost...