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Related Experiment Videos

Alcohol dependence and abuse diagnoses: concurrent validity in a nationally representative sample.

D Hasin1, A Paykin

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|February 24, 1999
PubMed
Summary

This study validates the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence in the general population. Alcohol dependence diagnoses were strongly associated with external factors, supporting its distinction from alcohol abuse.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • The Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) concept influences major diagnostic systems, including DSM-IV alcohol dependence.
  • Previous validation of ADS has primarily focused on clinical samples, with limited research in general populations regarding DSM-IV alcohol dependence and its distinction from alcohol abuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the cross-sectional validity of DSM-IV alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse diagnoses.
  • To investigate the association of external criterion variables with these diagnoses in a large, national general population sample.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 27,616 household residents surveyed nationally in 1992 regarding alcohol use disorders.
  • Assessed validity by correlating diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence and abuse with five external "criterion" variables.

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Main Results:

  • DSM-IV alcohol dependence diagnoses showed significant associations with all criterion variables compared to no diagnosis and alcohol abuse.
  • DSM-IV alcohol abuse diagnoses were associated with some, but not all, criterion variables when compared to no diagnosis.
  • Findings support the validity of separating alcohol dependence from alcohol abuse in general population assessments.

Conclusions:

  • The DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence are valid in the general population.
  • The distinction between DSM-IV alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse is supported by external criterion variables.
  • Further research is needed to explore implications for diagnostic systems and treatment.