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Related Concept Videos

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps07:57

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This protocol describes the surgical technique for harvesting a human perforator flap model based on the deep inferior epigastric artery pedicle, intended for experimental...
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The Superficial Inferior Epigastric Artery Fascia Flap for Nerve Reconstruction in Rabbits12:01

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This protocol presents a step-by-step instruction for harvesting the superficial inferior epigastric artery fascia (SIEF) flap and wrapping it around the reconstructed peroneal nerve defect in rabbits. This surgical addition of vascularization to the tissue bed of nerve grafts is used to improve regeneration outcomes.
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Reflection and Refraction13:59

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Source: Derek Wilson, Asantha Cooray, PhD, Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
Light travels at different speeds depending on the material through which it is propagating. When light travels from one material to another, it will either slow down or speed up. In order to conserve energy and momentum, the light must change the direction in which it propagates. This bending of light is known as refraction. Some fraction of...
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This article describes how to perform a surgical method to inhibit wound epidermis formation during axolotl limb regeneration by immediately suturing full thickness skin over the amputation plane. This method allows researchers to investigate the functional roles of the wound epidermis during the early stages of limb...
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To date, thick tissue defects are typically reconstructed by applying autologous tissue flaps or engineered tissues. In this protocol, we present a new method for engineering vascularized tissue flap bearing an autologous pedicle, to serve as a substitute to autologous flaps.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps
07:57

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

Published on: December 5, 2025

211

Flap complications associated with lamellar refractive surgery.

R T Lin1, R K Maloney

  • 1Jules Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 25, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Corneal flap complications in refractive surgery are common but rarely cause lasting vision loss. Surgeon experience significantly reduces complication rates, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Refractive Surgery
  • Corneal Surgery

Background:

  • Corneal lamellar refractive surgery for myopia offers reduced haze risk but introduces flap complication risks.
  • Understanding flap complication incidence and trends is crucial for surgical safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of flap complications in an initial series of lamellar refractive surgeries.
  • To analyze complication trends during a surgeon's learning curve.
  • To assess the impact of flap complications on best spectacle-corrected visual acuity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 1,019 eyes undergoing myopic keratomileusis in situ (MKM) or laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
  • Analysis of intraoperative and postoperative flap-related complications.
  • Evaluation of visual outcomes in relation to flap complications.

Main Results:

  • Overall flap complication rate was 8.6% (88/1,019 eyes).
  • Intraoperative complication rates decreased significantly with surgeon experience (6.0% to 0.3%).
  • Postoperative complications included flap displacement (2.0%), folds (1.1%), diffuse lamellar keratitis (1.8%), and epithelial ingrowth (2.2%).
  • No eye experienced a permanent loss of 2 or more lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity due to flap complications.

Conclusions:

  • Flap complications are frequent in lamellar refractive surgery but seldom result in permanent visual acuity reduction.
  • Increased surgeon experience with microkeratome use and flap handling correlates with decreased complication incidence.