Alternative approach to multivessel coronary disease with integrated coronary revascularization

Integrated coronary revascularization combines minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICABG) with left internal thoracic artery-left anterior descending artery grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention. We hypothesized that integrated coronary revascularization could result in successful revascularization in suitable patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.

Between September 1996 and January 1998, 31 consecutive patients underwent integrated coronary revascularization. Twenty-two were male; mean age was 69 years (46-86 years) and 42% were older than 75 years. Eight patients (26%) had a Parsonnet score greater than 20%. Left ventricular ejection fraction was 46.3% +/- 12%; 6 patients (19%) had a left ventricular ejection fraction less than 35%.

The anastomosis time for MICABG with the internal thoracic artery was 14.6 +/- 5.2 minutes and the operating time was 105 +/- 20 minutes; 28 patients (90%) were extubated in the operating room. The internal thoracic artery anastomosis was patent in all 31 patients (100%). Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed before MICABG in 2 patients (7%), on the same day of MICABG in 16 patients (52%), on postoperative day 1 in 3 patients (9%), and on postoperative days 2 to 4 in 10 patients (32%). Postprocedure length of stay in the hospital was 2.7 +/- 1.0 days and 13 patients (42%) were discharged home on postoperative day 1 or 2. Three patients (9.6%) required repeat target vessel revascularization in the distribution of the previous percutaneous coronary intervention. All patients are alive without angina at a follow-up of 10.8 +/- 3.8 months.

Our early results demonstrate that integrated coronary revascularization can be performed safely and effectively. Long-term results will be available from a prospective randomized trial now underway to compare integrated coronary revascularization with coronary artery bypass grafting for multivessel coronary artery disease.