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Related Experiment Videos

Posthatch development of small intestinal function in the poult.

Z Uni1, Y Noy, D Sklan

  • 1Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.

Poultry Science
|March 2, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Poult small intestine growth and enzyme activity develop rapidly post-hatch, with higher mass than length. Poult intestinal morphology and enzyme levels are lower than broilers, potentially explaining slower poult growth.

Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Physiology
  • Digestive Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding poult intestinal development is crucial for optimizing nutrition and growth.
  • Poult growth rates are initially slower than broilers, necessitating research into underlying physiological differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the development of small intestine size, morphology, and mucosal enzyme activity in poults from hatch to 12 days of age.
  • To compare these developmental parameters between poults and broilers to identify potential reasons for growth discrepancies.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of small intestine mass and length in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
  • Analysis of villus height, area, and enterocyte size.
  • Assay of mucosal enzyme activities (sucrase, maltase, gamma-glutamyltransferase) per gram of intestine.

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Main Results:

  • Small intestine mass increased more than length, with intestinal weight peaking around Day 6.
  • Villus height and area significantly increased, particularly in the jejunum and duodenum.
  • Mucosal enzyme activities peaked early post-hatch (2-5 days) before declining, with regional differences observed.

Conclusions:

  • Poult intestinal development involves rapid increases in mass, length, villus size, and enzyme activity, with regional variations.
  • Lower villus size and mucosal enzyme activity in poults compared to broilers may contribute to their initial slower growth rate.
  • Mucosal hydrolysis appears to be a key digestive step, closely correlated with body weight gain in poults.