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Cyclins and breast cancer
1Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Abstract:
Cyclins are regulatory subunits for cyclin dependent kinases in the coordination of the cell cycle. Cyclins can also serve non-cell cycle functions, such as the transactivation of estrogen receptor by cyclin D. Evidence for the participation of the G1 cyclins D and E in breast cancer is summarized, including transgenic and knockout mice, transfections, and expression patterns in cohort studies. Overexpression of cyclin D has been reported in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and similar overexpression of cyclin E is suggested. Strategies to reduce cyclin expression are discussed as potential prevention efforts.
Insights
Cyclins D and E play roles in cell cycle regulation and breast cancer. Evidence suggests their overexpression in breast cancer, prompting research into strategies to reduce cyclin expression for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Cycle Regulation
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Cyclins are key regulators of the cell cycle, controlling cyclin-dependent kinases.
- Cyclins also have non-cell cycle roles, like cyclin D's transactivation of the estrogen receptor.
- The G1 cyclins D and E are implicated in breast cancer development and progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize evidence for the involvement of G1 cyclins D and E in breast cancer.
- To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting cyclin expression for breast cancer prevention.
Main Methods:
- Review of studies involving transgenic and knockout mice.
- Analysis of transfection experiments.
- Examination of cyclin expression patterns in human cohort studies.
Main Results:
- Overexpression of cyclin D is documented in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
- Evidence suggests similar overexpression patterns for cyclin E in breast cancer.
- Cyclins D and E are implicated in breast cancer pathogenesis.
Conclusions:
- G1 cyclins D and E are significant in breast cancer.
- Targeting cyclin expression may offer novel prevention strategies for breast cancer.
- Further research into reducing cyclin expression is warranted for cancer prevention efforts.