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Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System

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Semimajor axis mobility of asteroidal fragments

Farinella¹, Vokrouhlick

¹Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. Institute of Astronomy, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 5, 1999

Summary

The Yarkovsky effect causes asteroid orbits to drift, moving them into resonant pathways. This subtle radiation pressure mechanism is crucial for delivering asteroids to near-Earth space.

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Area of Science:

* Asteroid dynamics and orbital mechanics.
* Solar system evolution and near-Earth object (NEO) populations.

Background:

* Asteroids experience subtle nongravitational forces, such as the Yarkovsky effect, due to solar radiation pressure.
* The Yarkovsky effect influences the orbital semimajor axes of asteroids, particularly those up to 20 km in diameter.
* Over millions of years, this drift can significantly alter asteroid trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

* To investigate the role of the Yarkovsky effect in the orbital evolution of asteroids.
* To understand its implications for the transport of main-belt asteroids to near-Earth space.
* To explore how Yarkovsky drift affects asteroid clustering and population dynamics.

Main Methods:

* Analysis of asteroid orbital dynamics, focusing on semimajor axis drift.
* Modeling the Yarkovsky effect's influence on asteroid trajectories over long timescales.
* Investigating resonant pathways and their role in asteroid transport.

Main Results:

* The Yarkovsky effect causes semimajor axes of asteroids (1-10 km radius) to drift by hundredths of an astronomical unit over their collisional lifetimes.
* This drift is a primary mechanism for injecting main-belt asteroids into Mars-crossing orbits, populating near-Earth space.
* Without Yarkovsky drift, the Mars-crossing asteroid population would deplete much faster than the solar system's age.

Conclusions:

* The Yarkovsky effect is essential for maintaining the observed population of near-Earth asteroids.
* This mechanism explains the delivery of main-belt asteroids to Earth-crossing orbits.
* Yarkovsky-induced orbital mobility may also observable spread asteroid clusters formed by collisions.