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Bacterial solute uptake and efflux systems.

J S Lolkema1, B Poolman, W N Konings

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands. j.s.lolkema@biol.rug.nl

Current Opinion in Microbiology
|March 6, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Discover the diverse world of secondary transporters, including binding protein-dependent and membrane potential-generating systems. Research is clarifying the mechanisms of lactose permease and multidrug transporters, detailing substrate binding in ATP-driven systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Membrane Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Transport

Background:

  • Secondary active transporters exhibit significant mechanistic and physiological diversity.
  • Recent discoveries include binding protein-dependent and membrane potential-generating systems.
  • Understanding these diverse transport systems is crucial for cell biology and medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diversity of secondary active transporters.
  • To synthesize current understanding of transport mechanisms, particularly lactose permease and multidrug transporters.
  • To detail substrate binding in ATP-driven transporter systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing data on secondary transporters.
  • Analysis of structural and functional data for key transporter families.

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  • Integration of evidence regarding substrate interactions with transporter components.

    • Main Results:

    • A mechanistic model for lactose permease is emerging, linking function to structural changes.
    • Evidence suggests multidrug transporters interact with substrates directly from the membrane.
    • Detailed understanding of substrate binding to the binding-protein components of ATP-driven transporters has been achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • The field is rapidly advancing in understanding the diversity and mechanisms of secondary transporters.
    • Specific transporter families, like lactose permease and multidrug transporters, are becoming well-characterized.
    • Detailed knowledge of substrate-binding interactions provides insights into transporter regulation and function.