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Submaximal exercise and maturation in 12-year-olds.

N Armstrong1, J R Welsman, B J Kirby

  • 1Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, UK.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|March 9, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Boys show lower running economy than girls during submaximal exercise. Maturation does not impact oxygen uptake responses to exercise, independent of body mass, in young people.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Biology
  • Pediatric Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Understanding how biological maturation affects physiological responses to exercise in youth is crucial for sports science and public health.
  • Previous research indicates sex-based differences in cardiorespiratory fitness, but the influence of maturation on submaximal exercise economy in children requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sexual maturation on the oxygen uptake (VO2) responses during submaximal treadmill exercise in boys and girls.
  • To compare the submaximal exercise economy between sexes, controlling for body mass variations using both ratio standard and allometric modeling.

Main Methods:

  • A discontinuous, incremental exercise test to exhaustion was performed by 97 boys and 97 girls (mean age 12.2 years).
  • Measurements included peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and oxygen uptake (VO2) at specific submaximal running speeds (8, 9, 10 km/h).
  • Sexual maturation was assessed using Tanner's pubic hair indices, and body mass was controlled via ratio standard and allometric modeling.

Main Results:

  • Boys exhibited significantly higher peak VO2 than girls, even after accounting for body mass.
  • During submaximal exercise, absolute VO2 did not differ significantly between sexes.
  • However, boys demonstrated significantly lower running economy (higher VO2 relative to body mass) than girls at 8-10 km/h.
  • Controlling for body mass, sexual maturation did not significantly affect VO2 responses during submaximal exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Boys are less economical than girls during submaximal running (8-10 km/h), suggesting sex-specific differences in running efficiency.
  • Sexual maturation status does not independently influence the oxygen uptake response to submaximal exercise in young individuals when body mass is adequately controlled.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering both sex and body mass normalization methods when evaluating exercise physiology in developing populations.

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