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Whole body glucose metabolism.
1Endocrine and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-4904, USA.
The American Journal of Physiology
|March 10, 1999
Summary
This review examines factors affecting D-glucose concentration and distribution in humans, highlighting uncertainties in glucose transport and cellular uptake. New modeling approaches are needed due to non-uniform glucose concentrations.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Metabolic Biochemistry
Background:
- D-glucose concentration and distribution are influenced by various physiological factors.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for metabolic health and disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review major factors influencing D-glucose concentration and distribution in mammals, especially humans.
- To identify key areas of uncertainty in glucose metabolism and transport.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of factors affecting glucose concentration and distribution.
- Analysis of physiological conditions: rest, physical activity, and alimentation.
- Identification of knowledge gaps in glucose transport and cellular uptake.
Main Results:
- Identified uncertainties in interstitial fluid glucose, transcapillary transport, and intracellular transport kinetics.
- Highlighted gaps in understanding hormonal, exercise, and hypoxia effects on glucose movement.
- Questioned the complete role of glucose transporter translocation in insulin-stimulated uptake.
Conclusions:
- Glucose concentration is not homogeneous across body compartments.
- Current models assuming glucose concentration homogeneity may be inaccurate.
- A novel approach to modeling glucose metabolism is required.