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Related Experiment Videos

Age-specific decrease in seroprevalence of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico.

G V Hillyer1, V C Tsang, B E Vivas-Gonzalez

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan 00936-5067, USA.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|March 11, 1999
PubMed
Summary

This study found very low schistosomiasis transmission in Puerto Rico among young individuals, suggesting potential eradication is feasible. Serologic evidence indicates minimal recent infection, supporting physician observations of declining cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Previous island-wide serologic surveys for schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico were limited.
  • Understanding current transmission dynamics is crucial for control and eradication efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess schistosomiasis seroprevalence in individuals 25 years or younger in Puerto Rico.
  • To evaluate recent transmission trends of Schistosoma mansoni on the island.
  • To determine the feasibility of schistosomiasis eradication in Puerto Rico.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 766 serum samples from individuals aged 25 or younger using Falcon assay screening test-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FAST-ELISA).

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  • Confirmed positive FAST-ELISA results with enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB).
  • Focused sampling on high and low seropositivity municipalities identified in prior research.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall FAST-ELISA positivity was 11.6%, with EITB confirmation in only 1.8% of samples.
    • Seropositivity decreased significantly with younger age groups, with EITB showing 0% positivity in the 1-5 year olds.
    • High prevalence municipalities showed low EITB positivity (4.8%), primarily in the Rio Grande de Loiza River basin.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence suggests minimal transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in Puerto Rico during the early 1990s.
    • The findings support anecdotal reports from physicians observing few new schistosomiasis infections.
    • Documentation of schistosomiasis eradication in Puerto Rico is considered feasible.