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Age-related decrease in cardiac tolerance to oxidative stress.

P Abete1, C Napoli, G Santoro

  • 1Istituto di Medicina Interna, Cardiologia e Chirurgia Cardiovascolare, Cattedra di Geriatria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|March 12, 1999
PubMed
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Cardiac aging reduces tolerance to oxidative stress. Older rat hearts showed impaired function and lower antioxidant defenses when exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating age-related decline in heart health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxygen radical-mediated injury is linked to cardiac aging.
  • Understanding age-related changes in heart oxidative stress tolerance is crucial for cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the oxidative stress tolerance of rat hearts across different ages (3-12 months).
  • To assess the impact of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on cardiac function and antioxidant capacity in aging rat hearts.

Main Methods:

  • Langendorff-perfused hearts from rats aged 3, 6, and 12 months were subjected to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) infusion.
  • Cardiac function (pressure, rate-pressure product), arrhythmia scores, oxidized glutathione release, and scavenger enzyme levels were measured.

Main Results:

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  • Hearts from older rats (6 and 12 months) exhibited significantly increased end-diastolic pressure and greater decreases in developed pressure and rate-pressure product after H2O2 exposure compared to 3-month-old rats.
  • Older hearts showed higher arrhythmia scores and reduced cardiac release of oxidized glutathione, indicating diminished antioxidant capacity.
  • Concentrations of scavenger enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase and Mn-superoxide dismutase, significantly decreased with age.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic and functional tolerance to oxidative stress declines in rat hearts with increasing age.
  • This age-related decrease in antioxidant defense may contribute to cardiovascular alterations observed in aging.