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Evaluating technologies in reproductive health: case studies of a consumer protection approach
1Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor (Brazilian Institute for Consumer Protection) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de Brasília. idec@zaz.com.br
Objective:
A consumer-protection assessment and action program aimed at improving reproductive health technologies is reviewed.
Methods:
Evaluations employed both literature review, synthesis, market analysis and laboratory testing for conformity to standards of a wide range of products which affect reproductive health on the Brazilian market 1995-1997. Anti-infective gynecological products, ampicillins, condoms, pregnancy tests, hormonal contraceptives, infant formulas, selected teratogens, bromocriptine and prostaglandins were studied. Actions include dissemination in periodicals and the mass media, consumer education, pressure for regulation, negotiations with manufacturers and legal action.
Results:
The program was effective in improving the supply and regulation of some, but not all products studied. Impact on health and utilization are unknown.
Conclusion:
A significant proportion of products studied are unsafe, ineffective or of sub-standard quality. A combination of careful scientific work, strong links between scientists and social movements, dissemination and legal action, can effectively improve the quality of products which affect reproductive health.