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Risk factors for ankle fracture requiring operative fixation
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Middlemore Hospital, Otahuhu, Auckland, New Zealand. christey@clear.net.nz
Background:
Ankle fractures are common and expensive injuries, particularly the injuries that require operative intervention. However, epidemiological research on the causative factors is sparse. This study aims to identify the groups at risk of ankle fracture requiring operative fixation, and to suggest directions for further study.
Methods:
The clinical data on 336 patients with ankle fractures admitted to an urban hospital in New Zealand in 1994 were reviewed. Statistical analysis was carried out on the 252 patients with ankle fractures requiring operative fixation.
Results:
Those at highest risk of ankle fracture are young male rugby players and middle-aged women who sustain injury while walking. Young males have a similar incidence of AO Type B and C fractures, while Type B fractures predominate strongly in older women.
Conclusions:
The groups at risk of ankle fracture requiring operative fixation, and the activities predisposing these groups to injury have been identified. More work is required to define the specific risk factors and biomechanical mechanisms that lead to these debilitating injuries.