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Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in theophylline toxicity
1Department of Pulmonary, New York University, New York 10016, USA. krieg01@gcrc.med.nyu.edu
Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
|March 17, 1999
Summary
Theophylline toxicity can cause seizures in asthma patients. This case highlights theophylline-induced nonconvulsive status epilepticus, a serious neurological event.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pharmacology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- A 53-year-old patient with asthma and hypertension was treated with theophylline, albuterol, ipratropium, and nifedipine.
- The patient had a history of cocaine use.
Observation:
- Acute asthma treatment led to elevated serum theophylline levels (35 micrograms/mL).
- This elevation was followed by tonic-clonic seizures and unusual posturing.
Findings:
- Electroencephalogram (EEG) confirmed seizure activity lasting 10 days, consistent with nonconvulsive status epilepticus, Complex Partial, type II.
- Theophylline was identified as the likely cause of the neurological disorder.
Implications:
- Theophylline toxicity should be considered in patients presenting with seizures, especially those with asthma.
- This case underscores the importance of monitoring theophylline levels to prevent severe neurological complications.
- Nonconvulsive status epilepticus induced by theophylline may be underdiagnosed.