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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance
14:01

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

Published on: July 22, 2011

Recognition of the immunocompromised patient.

M G Gutierrez1, C H Kirkpatrick

  • 1National Jewish Medical and Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA.

Chest Surgery Clinics of North America
|March 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Human immune systems are specialized but have overlapping functions for protection. Understanding clinical syndromes associated with immune deficiencies helps surgeons identify at-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Human host defense systems exhibit pathogen-specific specialization.
  • Overlapping immune functions provide a buffer against minor defects.
  • Not all laboratory abnormalities correlate with clinical significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of understanding host defense mechanisms in clinical practice.
  • To emphasize the need for correlating laboratory findings with clinical presentations.
  • To inform surgeons about identifying patients at risk due to immune deficiencies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of host defense system specialization.
  • Analysis of clinical syndromes associated with immune deficiencies.

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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

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Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.
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Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

Published on: September 1, 2015

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance
14:01

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

Published on: July 22, 2011

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

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Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.
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  • Correlation of laboratory abnormalities with clinical significance.

    • Main Results:

    • Host defense is specialized yet possesses functional overlap.
    • Clinical context is crucial for interpreting laboratory abnormalities.
    • Awareness of immune deficiency syndromes aids in patient risk assessment.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgeons must integrate knowledge of host defense and clinical syndromes.
    • Identifying at-risk patients requires understanding immune system complexities.
    • Clinical significance of laboratory findings depends on patient presentation.