Related Experiment Videos
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may prevent colon cancer through suppression of hepatocyte growth factor
11st Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, Kawagoe City, Japan. ota@saitama-med.ac.jp
Abstract:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which inhibit cyclooxygenase have been reported to suppress colon carcinogenesis. However the mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Growth factors such as hepatocyte growth factor, which are produced by fibroblasts, have been shown to be important in carcinogenesis and the progression of various human cancers. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit hepatocyte growth factor expression through an endogenous prostaglandin-mediated pathway in cultured human colonic fibroblasts. Human colonic fibroblasts were obtained from a resected colon and cultured. Hepatocyte growth factor and prostaglandin E2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 protein was estimated by immunoblotting. Prostaglandins increased hepatocyte growth factor production significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cholera toxin and 8-bromo cAMP also stimulated hepatocyte growth factor production. Further, prostaglandin E1 significantly increased cellular cAMP. The prostaglandin EP2 and EP4 receptors were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Interleukin-1beta dramatically increased prostaglandin E2 production and significantly stimulated hepatocyte growth factor synthesis. Interleukin-1beta induced cyclooxygenase-2 but not cyclooxygenase-1 protein. Indomethacin significantly reduced interleukin-1beta-induced prostaglandin E2 release and hepatocyte growth factor production. These results suggest that prostaglandin is a factor for the production of hepatocyte growth factor by human colonic fibroblasts. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may suppress colon carcinogenesis, in part, through the suppression of hepatocyte growth factor expression by inhibiting endogenous prostaglandin production.
Insights
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce colon cancer by inhibiting prostaglandin production, which in turn suppresses the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in colonic fibroblasts.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase and are linked to reduced colon carcinogenesis.
- The exact mechanism by which NSAIDs suppress colon cancer remains unclear.
- Growth factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), play a role in cancer progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if NSAIDs inhibit HGF expression via an endogenous prostaglandin-mediated pathway in human colonic fibroblasts.
- To elucidate the role of prostaglandins in HGF production by colonic fibroblasts.
Main Methods:
- Cultured human colonic fibroblasts were used.
- Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured using ELISA.
- Cyclooxygenase (COX) protein expression was assessed by immunoblotting.
- Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect prostaglandin receptors.
Main Results:
- Prostaglandins significantly increased HGF production in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
- Interleukin-1beta stimulated both PGE2 and HGF production, inducing COX-2 expression.
- Indomethacin, an NSAID, reduced both IL-1beta-induced PGE2 release and HGF production.
Conclusions:
- Prostaglandins are key factors in stimulating HGF production by human colonic fibroblasts.
- NSAIDs may suppress colon carcinogenesis partly by inhibiting HGF expression through reduced prostaglandin production.