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Children's responses to sequential versus simultaneous immunization injections.

M I Horn1, A M McCarthy

  • 1IntegraHealth Pediatrics, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Health Care : Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
|March 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Simultaneous immunizations did not reduce distress behaviors in young children compared to sequential shots. However, parents expressed a preference for the simultaneous injection method.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Immunization Practices
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Childhood immunizations are a critical aspect of preventive healthcare.
  • Assessing and managing pediatric distress during medical procedures is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare distress behaviors and perceptions in children receiving simultaneous versus sequential immunizations.
  • To evaluate parental preferences for immunization administration methods.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study with 46 children aged 4-6 years, randomly assigned to simultaneous or sequential injection groups.
  • Distress behaviors assessed via direct observation (Observation Scale of Behavioral Distress-Revised) and self-report (Wong-Baker FACES).
  • Parental distress perceptions measured using the Visual Analog Scale.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences in observed distress behaviors or children's self-reported distress between simultaneous and sequential groups.
  • Parents reported lower distress perceptions for the sequential group, though unrelated to the intervention.
  • Parents showed a clear preference for the simultaneous immunization method.

Conclusions:

  • The simultaneous administration of two immunization injections does not appear to reduce distress behaviors in young children.
  • Despite no difference in distress, parents preferred the simultaneous method for administering vaccines.