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Latex allergy in Polish nurses.

C Pałczyñski1, J Walusiak, W Hanke

  • 1Department of Occupational Diseases, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.

American Journal of Industrial Medicine
|March 23, 1999
PubMed
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Latex allergy affects 18.6% of nurses in Poland, highlighting a significant occupational health issue. Risk factors include a history of atopy and allergies to tropical fruits and beta-lactam antibiotics.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Latex allergy prevalence in healthcare personnel is well-documented in Western Europe and North America (2.8–16.9%).
  • Data on latex allergy among healthcare workers in Eastern European countries, specifically Poland, were previously unavailable.
  • Occupational latex allergy poses a significant health risk to healthcare professionals globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of latex allergy among nurses in Poland.
  • To identify risk factors associated with latex allergy in this population.
  • To address the lack of data on latex allergy in Eastern European healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • A postal questionnaire was distributed to 3,750 nurses to assess history of latex-induced allergic reactions (77.3% participation rate).

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  • Selected nurses underwent skin prick tests (latex, tropical fruits), total IgE, specific anti-latex IgE, and latex provocation tests for verification.
  • Data analysis focused on self-reported symptoms, confirmed allergies, and correlations with medical history.
  • Main Results:

    • 35% of nurses reported allergic symptoms at work; 29.2% linked these to latex exposure.
    • Self-reported latex allergy correlated with a higher incidence of atopy, tropical fruit allergy, and beta-lactam antibiotic allergy.
    • Latex allergy was confirmed in 33.3% of nurses with a history of occupational allergy, with an overall prevalence of 18.6% (95% CI: 13.5–23.6%) among hospital ward nurses.

    Conclusions:

    • Latex allergy represents a substantial occupational health concern for nurses in Poland.
    • Pre-existing atopy and allergies to specific substances (beta-lactam antibiotics, tropical fruits) are identified as key risk factors for developing latex allergy.
    • Findings underscore the need for targeted prevention and management strategies for latex allergy in Polish healthcare settings.