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Pulmonary dirofilariasis.

A Echeverri1, R F Long, W Check

  • 1Department of Surgery, Memorial Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia, USA.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|March 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Pulmonary dirofilariasis, a rare lung condition caused by dog heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis), presents as peripheral pulmonary nodules. Increased awareness is crucial for accurate diagnosis of these coin lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Human Parasitology
  • Medical Entomology

Background:

  • Pulmonary dirofilariasis is a rare parasitic infection caused by Dirofilaria immitis, the canine heartworm.
  • Transmission to humans occurs via infected mosquito vectors.
  • The parasite typically causes pulmonary infarction, appearing as solitary nodules on imaging.

Observation:

  • A review of pathology reports identified 4 cases of pulmonary dirofilariasis diagnosed since 1992.
  • The study analyzes the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.
  • Worldwide literature reports approximately 150 cases of pulmonary dirofilariasis.

Findings:

  • Pulmonary dirofilariasis manifests as peripheral pulmonary nodules.
  • The condition is often incidentally discovered in asymptomatic individuals via chest radiography.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Lesions are frequently misdiagnosed as neoplastic.

    • Implications:

    • Pulmonary dirofilariasis is a benign entity.
    • Recognition of this parasitic infection is vital for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary coin lesions.
    • This awareness can prevent unnecessary invasive procedures for misdiagnosed cases.