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Related Experiment Videos

Processing irrelevant location information: practice and transfer effects in choice-reaction tasks.

R W Proctor1, C H Lu

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1364, USA. proctor@psych.purdue.edu

Memory & Cognition
|March 24, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The Simon effect, where stimulus location influences response speed, persists with practice but can reverse after training with incompatible spatial mappings. Task-defined associations impact performance when location becomes irrelevant.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Factors
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The Simon effect demonstrates faster responses when stimulus location matches response location.
  • This effect highlights the influence of irrelevant spatial information on cognitive tasks.
  • Understanding the Simon effect is crucial for designing user-friendly interfaces and optimizing human performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of practice on the Simon effect.
  • To examine how spatial mapping training influences the Simon effect when location becomes irrelevant.
  • To explore the role of task-defined associations in modulating the Simon effect.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed tasks involving stimulus-response compatibility and irrelevant spatial location over 1,800 trials.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Training involved varying stimulus location relevance and spatial mapping compatibility.
  • The Hedge and Marsh (1975) task variation was used to assess stimulus-response mapping effects.

    • Main Results:

    • The Simon effect persisted with practice, though its magnitude decreased.
    • Practice with incompatible spatial mappings reversed the Simon effect when location became irrelevant.
    • Task-defined associations between stimulus and response locations significantly affected performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The Simon effect is robust to practice but can be altered by specific training paradigms.
    • Learned associations between stimulus location and response location can lead to automatic activation, influencing subsequent performance.
    • Spatial mapping training can override or even reverse the typical Simon effect, demonstrating cognitive flexibility.