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Related Experiment Videos

Gunshot wounds: bullet caliber is increasing.

R P Caruso1, D I Jara, K G Swan

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.

The Journal of Trauma
|March 24, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Gunshot wound research reveals a concerning trend: firearm ammunition caliber has significantly increased over time. This rise in larger bullets impacts trauma cases, homicides, and suicides.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Pathology
  • Ballistics Analysis
  • Public Health Trends

Background:

  • Gunshot wound incidence has risen over the last two decades.
  • A perceived increase in ammunition size was noted at a Level I trauma center.
  • The study aimed to document trends in ammunition caliber using autopsy and surgical pathology data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To statistically analyze changes in bullet caliber over a 16-year period.
  • To investigate the trend of increasing firearm caliber in relation to gunshot wounds.
  • To correlate findings with autopsy data on bullet size descriptions.

Main Methods:

  • Bullet measurements from surgical pathology archives (1981-1997).
  • Statistical analysis using linear regression and ANOVA for bullet caliber data.

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  • Review of autopsy reports (1981-1997) categorizing bullet size as small, medium, or large.

    • Main Results:

    • A statistically significant increase in mean bullet caliber over time (r=0.944, p<0.0001).
    • Autopsy data showed a significant rise in large-caliber projectiles and a decrease in small-caliber ones (p<0.001).
    • Exclusion of deformed bullets and shotgun wounds ensured focus on projectile caliber trends.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identifies an alarming trend of increasing firearm caliber usage.
    • This trend is evident across accidental, homicide, and suicide-related gunshot incidents.
    • Findings highlight a shift towards larger caliber firearms in violent and accidental events.