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Related Experiment Videos

Gap detection by early-deafened cochlear-implant subjects.

P A Busby1, G M Clark

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 25, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Cochlear implants in early-onset deafness improve gap detection, especially in congenitally deaf individuals. Better gap detection correlates with improved speech perception scores.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Investigating temporal processing in individuals with early-onset profound hearing loss is crucial for understanding auditory rehabilitation.
  • Cochlear implants (CIs) offer a potential solution, but their effectiveness in restoring fine temporal auditory skills needs further evaluation.
  • Gap detection, the ability to perceive brief silent intervals in sound, is a fundamental auditory skill impacted by hearing loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of pulse rate and stimulus duration on gap-detection thresholds in cochlear-implant users with early-onset deafness.
  • To explore the relationship between gap-detection thresholds, age at onset of deafness, and speech perception abilities in a larger cohort of CI users.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted using the Cochlear Limited multiple-electrode prosthesis.
  • Study 1: 15 subjects evaluated gap thresholds across varying pulse rates (200-1000 pulses/s) and stimulus durations (500-1000 ms).
  • Study 2: Combined data from Study 1 with previous studies (n=27) to analyze correlations between gap thresholds, subject variables, and speech perception scores (Bamford-Kowal-Bench sentences).

Main Results:

  • Pulse rate and stimulus duration had minimal impact on average gap thresholds (1.8-32.1 ms), though two subjects showed poorer performance with longer durations.
  • A significant negative correlation was found between age at onset of deafness and gap thresholds.
  • Gap thresholds showed significant negative correlations with word scores for open-set Bamford-Kowal-Bench sentences (auditory-visual) and lipreading enhancement scores.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal processing abilities, as measured by gap detection, are influenced by the age of onset of profound hearing loss in cochlear-implant users.
  • Improved gap detection in CI users is associated with enhanced speech perception, particularly in auditory-visual conditions.
  • These findings highlight the importance of early intervention and the potential for CIs to restore crucial temporal auditory cues for better communication outcomes.

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