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[Interstitial lung disease induced by timolol eye solution].

L M Vandezande1, K Gallouj, C Lamblin

  • 1Service de Pneumologie et Immunoallergologie, Hôpital Calmette, CHU, Lille.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|March 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Topical timolol maleate eye drops, used for glaucoma, can cause interstitial lung disease. A patient recovered fully after discontinuing the medication, highlighting a potential adverse effect of this common beta-blocker.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Timolol maleate is a common beta-blocker prescribed topically for open-angle glaucoma.
  • Ocular administration aims to minimize systemic absorption and side effects.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old patient developed interstitial pneumonopathy with cough and dyspnea.
  • The patient had been using timolol maleate eye drops twice daily since 1986.
  • Pulmonary function tests revealed a restrictive disorder and hypoxemia.

Findings:

  • Bronchial lavage showed elevated lymphocyte and neutrophil counts.
  • Transbronchial biopsies indicated moderate fibrous thickening of interalveolar walls.
  • Discontinuation of timolol maleate led to complete symptom resolution and normalization of lung function within three months.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare but serious pulmonary adverse effect of topical timolol maleate.
  • Clinicians should consider interstitial pneumonopathy in patients using timolol eye drops who present with respiratory symptoms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and cessation of the drug can lead to favorable outcomes.