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Paramyxovirus infections in childhood and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease

S M Montgomery1, D L Morris, R E Pounder

  • 1Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study Group, Department of Medicine, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, England. smm@rfhsm.ac.uk

Gastroenterology
|March 26, 1999
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Childhood measles and mumps infections, especially when occurring together, may increase the risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) later in life. These findings highlight potential links between viral infections and IBD development.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Measles virus is linked to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
  • Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) arises from atypical measles infections, suggesting a role for altered measles infection patterns in disease.
  • Investigating specific infection patterns, such as early or concurrent infections, may reveal risks for IBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine childhood infection patterns as potential risk factors for developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
  • To determine if early or concurrent measles and mumps infections are associated with increased IBD risk.
  • To use insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a control disease to assess the specificity of infection-IBD associations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 7019 participants in the 1970 British Cohort Study.
  • Recorded ages of five childhood infections prior to IBD symptom onset.
  • Diagnosed IBD and IDDM by age 26, analyzing infection timing and co-occurrence.

Main Results:

  • Mumps infection before age 2 significantly increased ulcerative colitis risk (OR 25.12).
  • Concurrent measles and mumps infections in the same year were associated with ulcerative colitis (OR 7.47) and Crohn's disease (OR 4.27).
  • These associations were independent of other factors like sex, social class, and family history, and not observed for IDDM.

Conclusions:

  • Atypical paramyxovirus infections in childhood may represent risk factors for the subsequent development of IBD.
  • Concurrent measles and mumps infections are significant risk factors for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
  • Early mumps infection is a notable risk factor specifically for ulcerative colitis.

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