Biofeedback--background and applications to physical rehabilitation

This paper presents a brief background to biofeedback applications including biofeedback techniques related to physical rehabilitation, and in particular, that of the cerebral palsied. Relevant literature is noted and there is an overview of 3 years research investigating the use of biofeedback in the management of cerebral palsied children. A theoretical framework for using biofeedback to ameliorate motor problems with the physically disabled in general is presented. The areas of investigation are head position, joint position, electromyography, spinal rotation, weight-bearing, response-feedback toys, jaw closure, and postural alignment. The results of these various programs indicate a preliminary outcome classification of feedback-sensitive, feedback trained, and feedback-learned. All children were feedback-sensitive, the majority could be trained, and several cases demonstrated a learned carry-over response. In conclusion, biofeedback training offers the advantages of therapy in natural training settings, and direct involvement of the patient.