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Related Experiment Videos

Semantic and phonological codes interact in single word production.

M F Damian1, R C Martin

  • 1Department of Psychology, Rice University, USA. Markus.Damian@mpi.nl

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|March 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Investigating speech production, this study reveals how semantic and phonological word information interact. Findings suggest distinct processing stages for auditory versus visual distractors, supporting interactive models of lexical access.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Production

Background:

  • Theories of speech production debate independent stages versus interactive processing.
  • Previous research yielded conflicting results based on distractor modality (auditory vs. visual).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between semantic-syntactic and phonological levels in spoken word production.
  • To examine the influence of distractor modality on lexical access.

Main Methods:

  • Picture naming tasks with simultaneous auditory or visual distractor words.
  • Manipulation of distractor presentation time and relatedness.

Main Results:

  • Auditory distractors showed semantic effects preceding phonological effects.

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  • Visual distractors exhibited the reverse pattern (phonological before semantic).
  • Limited presentation time for visual distractors aligned results with the auditory pattern.
  • Auditory distractors demonstrated an interaction between semantic and phonological relatedness.

    • Conclusions:

    • Speech production involves distinct processing stages influenced by distractor modality.
    • Findings support an interactive account of lexical access during speaking.
    • The modality of interference impacts the timing and interaction of semantic and phonological processing.