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Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to foot and mouth disease virus type 'C'
1Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
Abstract:
Five fusion experiments were conducted with spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized with purified 146S antigen of foot and mouth disease virus type 'C' (vaccine strain). Monoclones (31) thus developed were isotyped as IgM (3), IgG1 (6), IgG2a (5), IgG2b (3) and IgG3 (14). Eleven clones isotyped as IgM, IgG2a and IgG2b showed neutralizing activity in virus neutralization and plaque reduction tests. Six of the neutralizing clones precipitated 146S virus in Ouchterlony reaction. On the basis of location of MAb reactive epitopes in relation to intact virus (146S), 12S particles and VP1 in ELISA test, the clones were classified as Class II (6), Class III (11) and Class IV (14). These clones may be useful for purposes of antigen detection from field isolates and for estimation of antibody titres in vaccinated animals.
Insights
Researchers developed 31 monoclonal antibodies against foot and mouth disease virus. Eleven of these antibodies neutralized the virus and can be used for antigen detection and antibody titer estimation in vaccinated animals.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
- Monoclonal Antibody Development
Background:
- Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is a significant pathogen affecting livestock.
- Effective diagnostic tools and serological assays are crucial for FMDV control and surveillance.
- Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offer high specificity for diagnostic applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize monoclonal antibodies against the 146S antigen of FMDV type 'C'.
- To evaluate the neutralizing activity and epitope mapping of the generated mAbs.
- To assess the potential utility of these mAbs in FMDV diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Generation of hybridomas using spleen cells from immunized Balb/c mice.
- Isotyping of monoclonal antibodies (IgM, IgG subclasses).
- Virus neutralization tests, plaque reduction assays, Ouchterlony reactions, and ELISA for epitope mapping.
Main Results:
- Thirty-one monoclonal antibodies were successfully developed.
- Eleven mAbs demonstrated significant neutralizing activity against FMDV.
- Epitope mapping classified mAbs into Class II, III, and IV based on reactivity with intact virus, 12S particles, and VP1.
Conclusions:
- The developed neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are valuable tools for FMDV antigen detection.
- These antibodies can aid in estimating antibody titers in FMDV-vaccinated animals.
- The characterized mAbs provide a basis for improved FMDV diagnostic and surveillance strategies.