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Habitual physical activity and menopausal symptoms: a case-control study.

B Sternfeld1, C P Quesenberry, G Husson

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, California 94611, USA.

Journal of Women'S Health
|March 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Regular physical activity before menopause did not reduce the risk of hot flashes or night sweats. Higher education and BMI were associated with decreased symptom risk. The study suggests physical activity may not alleviate perimenopausal symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Menopause Studies
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Perimenopausal symptoms, such as vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats), significantly impact women's quality of life.
  • Habitual physical activity is often promoted for general health, but its specific role in mitigating perimenopausal symptoms requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between habitual physical activity levels prior to the final menstrual period (FMP) and the risk of experiencing vasomotor and other symptoms during the perimenopausal period.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design was employed, recruiting women aged 48-52 from a health maintenance organization.
  • Cases (n=82) were women experiencing frequent vasomotor symptoms post-FMP; controls (n=89) reported infrequent symptoms.

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  • Physical activity, psychological, and somatic symptoms were assessed via self-report, excluding participants with a history of hormone replacement therapy or gynecological surgery.

    • Main Results:

    • Vigorous recreational activity before FMP was not associated with a reduced risk of frequent vasomotor symptoms post-FMP (OR=1.03).
    • Higher body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.95) and higher education (OR=0.56) were associated with a decreased risk of vasomotor symptoms.
    • Physical activity did not correlate with reduced psychological distress or depressive feelings; however, vasomotor symptoms were strongly linked to increased psychological distress (OR=1.83) and depressive feelings (OR=2.84).

    Conclusions:

    • Habitual physical activity preceding the final menstrual period may not effectively reduce the likelihood or severity of perimenopausal symptoms.
    • Factors such as higher BMI and educational attainment appear to be more protective against vasomotor symptoms.
    • The study's findings, while suggestive, may be limited by a small sample size, necessitating further research.