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MRI of acute spinal epidural hematomas
E M Sklar1, J M Post, S Falcone
1Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136, USA.
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
|March 30, 1999
Summary
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reveals characteristic findings for acute spinal epidural hematomas (ASEHs). These findings aid in the prompt diagnosis of ASEHs, which can cause sudden spinal cord compression.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Neurology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Acute spinal epidural hematomas (ASEHs) are collections of blood in the epidural space of the spinal canal.
- These hematomas can lead to rapid and severe neurological deficits due to spinal cord or cauda equina compression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize the specific magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings associated with acute spinal epidural hematomas (ASEHs).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of MR imaging findings in 17 patients diagnosed with ASEH.
- Analysis included hematoma location (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) and etiology (traumatic vs. spontaneous).
- Correlation with computed tomography (CT) and surgical findings was performed in a subset of cases.
Main Results:
- Characteristic MR findings included variable signal intensity on T1 and T2-weighted images, capping of epidural fat, and direct continuity with adjacent bone.
- Hematomas typically caused compression of epidural fat, the subarachnoid sac, and the spinal cord.
- A posterolateral location within the spinal canal was common.
Conclusions:
- MR imaging demonstrates distinct features that enable the accurate and timely diagnosis of acute spinal epidural hematomas.
- Prompt diagnosis is crucial as ASEHs can cause sudden and potentially irreversible spinal cord or cauda equina compression.