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Presynaptic strontium dynamics and synaptic transmission.

M A Xu-Friedman1, W G Regehr

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Biophysical Journal
|March 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Strontium triggers neurotransmitter release but with slower dynamics than calcium. This study explains strontium

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Strontium ions (Sr2+) can substitute for calcium ions (Ca2+) in triggering neurotransmitter release.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying strontium's action and its differences from calcium remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the action of strontium at the granule cell to Purkinje cell synapse in mouse cerebellar slices.
  • To elucidate the dynamics of presynaptic strontium and calcium levels and their impact on neurotransmitter release.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fluorescent indicators to monitor presynaptic residual strontium levels.
  • Replaced extracellular calcium with equimolar strontium, employing EGTA to eliminate contaminating calcium for isolated strontium studies.
  • Measured presynaptic divalent ion concentrations and parallel fiber synaptic currents.

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Main Results:

  • Strontium entered presynaptic terminals and reached higher peak free levels (1.7x) and decayed more slowly than calcium.
  • Strontium-evoked synaptic currents were smaller in amplitude and longer in duration compared to calcium-evoked currents.
  • Both strontium and calcium-evoked release showed two components, with strontium being less effective for both, indicating lower sensor affinities for strontium.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in strontium and calcium dynamics are attributed to greater strontium permeability, lower buffer affinity, and less efficient extrusion.
  • The larger and slower strontium transients explain the prominent slow component of strontium-triggered release.
  • Strontium's distinct action on release components provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission.