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Two-phase bioconversion product recovery by microfiltration I. Steady state studies.

P B Conrad1, S S Lee

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|April 1, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Ceramic crossflow filtration effectively separates Pseudomonas putida cells and soybean oil from bioconversion products. Optimal conditions involved a 0.2-microm pore/4-mm lumen ceramic membrane at 9200 s-1 shear and 20 psig transmembrane pressure.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Bioprocessing
  • Separation Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Downstream processing of aqueous bioconversion products from complex, two-phase systems like Pseudomonas putida broths with high soybean oil content is challenging.
  • Traditional separation methods are often inadequate for integrated, continuous bioconversion processes.
  • Crossflow filtration using ceramic membranes offers a promising alternative for multi-phase separation of biotech products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility and optimize ceramic crossflow filtration for recovering bioconversion products from oil-in-water emulsions.
  • To evaluate different ceramic membrane configurations (pore size, lumen diameter) for efficient separation of cells and oil.
  • To determine optimal operating parameters (transmembrane pressure, shear rate) and understand fouling mechanisms.

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Main Methods:

  • Utilized multichannel, monolithic ceramic membranes with varying pore sizes (0.2, 0.45, 1.0 microm) and lumen diameters (3, 4 mm).
  • Performed crossflow filtration experiments under steady-state conditions, evaluating permeate flux, cell/oil rejection, and membrane resistance.
  • Investigated the impact of transmembrane pressure, shear rate, soybean oil concentration, and broth components on filtration performance and fouling.

Main Results:

  • A 0.2-microm pore/3-mm lumen ceramic membrane achieved complete rejection of cells and oil droplets, yielding a clear aqueous product stream.
  • Optimal operating conditions were identified as a shear rate of 9200 s-1 and 20 psig transmembrane pressure using a 0.2-microm pore/4-mm lumen membrane.
  • Fouling was influenced by oil concentration, cell presence, and soluble proteins/surfactants; membrane regeneration was effective with protease and caustic treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Ceramic crossflow microfiltration is a viable technology for the recovery of aqueous bioconversion products from challenging oil-containing broths.
  • Membrane selection, operating parameters, and understanding fouling are critical for successful process design.
  • This study provides essential data for developing future batch microfiltration processes.