Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 10, 2026

Waste Water Derived Electroactive Microbial Biofilms: Growth, Maintenance, and Basic Characterization
Published on: December 29, 2013
Effect of some operating variables on citrate recovery from model solutions by electrodialysis
1Istituto di Tecnologie Agroalimentari, Universita della Tuscia, Via S. C. de Lellis, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Abstract:
The effect of pH and temperature (straight theta) on the overall performance indicators (i.e., solute recovery, rho, and Faraday, eta, efficiencies; specific energy consumption, epsilon, solute, JS, and water, JW, fluxes) of batch electrodialytic recovery of citric acid from model solutions was assessed at different values of feed solute concentration (cSf) and electric current density (j). Regardless of the initial feed concentration used, rho and JS were found to be independent of straight theta; eta and JW exhibited a positive trend with respect to straight theta, while epsilon a negative one. At the maximum temperature tested (33 degrees C), as the pH of the feed solution was varied from 3 to 7, rho increased from 0.90 +/- 0.08 to 0.97 +/- 0.02, eta grew from 0.09 +/- 0.02 to 0.50 +/- 0.01, JS practically doubled, epsilon reduced about 8 times, but JW increased from 3 to 4 times. So, the optimal conditions for this technique are to be determined by balancing the savings in the investment and maintenance costs against the energy costs. Copyright John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Related Concept Videos
Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods
The chosen potential ensures...
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents
Dialysis
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview
Processes at Electrodes

