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Reflex interaction between the proximal urethra and the bladder. A clinical experimental study.

G Geirsson¹, M Fall

¹Department of Urology, Reykjavik Hospital, Iceland.

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

|April 1, 1999

Summary

This study investigated bladder reflexes in patients with overactive bladders. Findings suggest a cold-sensitive reflex system in the human urethra, though it was less responsive than the bladder.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Neuroscience
Physiology

Background:

Animal studies indicate a bladder-cooling reflex triggered by cold stimulation of the bladder and urethra, leading to bladder contractions.
The precise mechanisms and human relevance of these reflexes require further clinical investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate bladder reflex responses to distension and cooling of the bladder neck and proximal urethra in humans.
To explore the existence and characteristics of cold-sensitive reflexes in the human urethra.

Main Methods:

Clinical experimental study involving 21 patients with overactive bladders.
Utilized ice water tests, urethral distension with warm and cold water, and catheter-induced bladder neck stimulation.

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Main Results:

Three patients (14%) exhibited reflex bladder contraction solely from urethral cold water infusion.
Four patients responded to urethral distension with both warm and cold water.
Catheter traction on the bladder neck induced bladder contraction in four patients.

Conclusions:

The study provides clinical evidence supporting a cold-sensitive reflex system within the human urethra.
Reflexes mediated by cold and distension from the urethra were observed to be less easily evoked compared to those from the bladder in this experimental setup.