Factors influencing acceptance of mammography: implications for enhancing worksite cancer control

The purposes of this article are to review what is known about participation in mammography programs and to propose several elements that warrant consideration in planning mammography screening programs in occupational settings. Breast cancer is the most common female cancer. Regular screening programs including mammography, clinical breast examination, and monthly breast self-examination can reduce breast cancer deaths by as much as 35%. However, mammography is underutilized. This review examines factors affecting acceptance of mammography and possible worksite-based strategies to increase its appropriate use.

We identified the sources cited in this review through a combination of literature searches of computerized data bases, backward searches of reference lists, and contacts with active investigators. The article includes a selected subset of the most recent and relevant references.

A variety of individual factors, environmental influences, health care system factors, and employer factors influence the acceptance of mammography. Workplace mammography programs can be especially important in reducing access barriers.

Six program elements which are central to planning successful worksite mammography programs are discussed: location and facilities; health professional involvement; the range of services; education and referral; employer policies, and plans for follow-up and repeat screening.