Vascular imaging with magnetic resonance and computed tomography

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Cardiovascular Imaging
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are key cross-sectional imaging modalities for the cardiovascular system.
• Current spatial resolution limits routine application to larger vessels like the aorta and vena cava.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review common vascular abnormalities imaged with CT and MRI.
• To explain the principles of blood flow visualization in MRI, including flow-related enhancement and even-echo rephasing.
• To highlight the advantages of MRI, particularly magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), for medium-sized vessel evaluation.

Main Methods:

• Discussion of imaging principles and techniques for CT and MRI in cardiovascular assessment.
• Presentation of common vascular abnormalities as depicted by these modalities.
• Explanation of physical principles governing blood flow imaging in MRI.

Main Results:

• MRI, especially with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), shows greater suitability than CT for evaluating medium-sized vessels.
• Understanding basic physics is crucial for interpreting complex blood flow patterns on MRI.
• Quantification of blood flow by MRI is an active area of research with potential to replace existing methods.

Conclusions:

• CT and MRI are valuable tools for cardiovascular imaging, each with specific strengths.
• Advancements in MRI techniques, such as MRA, are expanding its role in vascular assessment.
• Future research in MRI blood flow quantification may offer significant clinical benefits.