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Hyperviscosity syndrome.

M A Gertz¹, R A Kyle

¹Dysproteinemia Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

|April 8, 1995

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperviscosity syndrome, characterized by increased blood flow resistance, causes bleeding and neurological issues. Plasma exchange effectively treats symptomatic cases, despite potential risks.

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Clinical Medicine
Pathophysiology

Background:

Hyperviscosity syndrome presents with oronasal bleeding, retinal hemorrhages, and neurological symptoms.
It arises from increased blood flow resistance, impairing microcirculation.
Common causes include elevated gamma globulins (monoclonal or polyclonal) and increased red or white blood cell counts.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the clinical manifestations, causes, and treatment of hyperviscosity syndrome.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical presentations and underlying pathophysiology.
Identification of common etiologies, including hematological disorders and rheumatic conditions.
Discussion of therapeutic interventions for symptomatic hyperviscosity.

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Main Results:

Clinical signs include bleeding and neurological deficits.
Elevated gamma globulins, polycythemia vera, and extreme leukocytosis are primary causes.
Plasma exchange is the most effective treatment for symptomatic hyperviscosity.

Conclusions:

Hyperviscosity syndrome requires prompt recognition and management.
Plasma exchange is the primary therapeutic modality for symptomatic patients.
Effective management improves microcirculatory function and clinical outcomes.