Bladder injuries during total laparoscopic hysterectomy: diagnosis, management, and prevention

Based on a series of 150 total hysterectomies carried out via laparoscopy between January 1993 and December 1994, we observed 2 bladder complications: 1 bladder injury and 1 vesicovaginal fistula. These two accidents form the basis of discussion on the risk factors for these complications, their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.