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Related Experiment Videos

The wake-effect--emergency vehicle-related collisions.

J J Clawson1, R L Martin, G A Cady

  • 1Gold Cross Ambulance and Medical Priority Consultants, Salt Lake City, UT 84111, USA.

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
|September 4, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Wake-effect collisions, where other vehicles crash due to emergency medical vehicles (EMVs), are reported more frequently than direct EMV collisions. This study highlights the prevalence of these indirect crashes in emergency medical services (EMS).

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Safety
  • Traffic Safety Research
  • Accident Analysis

Background:

  • Emergency medical vehicle collisions (EMVCs) are a persistent issue for EMS systems.
  • "Wake-effect" collisions, not directly involving the emergency medical vehicle (EMV), are anecdotally reported.
  • Understanding wake-effect collisions could significantly alter EMV response protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and frequency of wake-effect collisions compared to direct EMVCs.
  • To test the hypothesis that paramedics report more wake-effect collisions than EMVCs.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to 75 paramedics from the Salt Lake City and Salt Lake County Fire Departments.
  • The survey included open-ended questions about personal experience with EMVCs and wake-effect collisions.

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  • Statistical analysis determined the mean number of reported collisions and their 0.95 confidence intervals (CI).

    • Main Results:

    • Seventy-three surveys were analyzed, reporting 60 EMVCs and 255 wake-effect collisions.
    • The mean number of EMVCs per respondent was 0.82 (0.60-1.05 CI), while wake-effect collisions averaged 3.49 (2.42-4.55 CI).
    • Specific mean values varied between the two fire departments but consistently showed higher wake-effect collision reports.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides evidence that wake-effect collisions are a real phenomenon in emergency medical services.
    • Wake-effect collisions appear to occur more frequently than direct emergency medical vehicle collisions.
    • Limitations include recall and misclassification bias, necessitating further research into prevalence and impact.