Errors in flow and pressure related to the arterial filter purge line

The purge line is a necessary component on arterial filters, although its presence may affect the amount of flow reaching the patient as well as the pump outlet pressure in the extracorporeal circuit. In-vitro and clinical studies conducted to investigate these effects with a commonly used purge line showed that at flows less than 1.5 L/min, rates for pediatric or infant patients, the purge line diverts as much as 40% of the intended pump flow away from the patient. A small diameter resistance tube connected in series with the purge line reduced purge flow such that over 80% of the pump flow reached the patient. Pressure monitored at the arterial filter port with the purge line open could be as much as 45 mmHg lower than the pressure measured with the purge line closed to the filter. Studies should be done to determine if the arterial filter purge line compromises flow to the patient, and if an additional resistance to the purge line is appropriate to reduce the flow through it.