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[Food allergens in children].

F Rancé1, G Kanny, G Dutau

  • 1Service de pneumologie et allergologie pédiatriques, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|April 7, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Food hypersensitivity is rising, with egg and peanut allergies most common in children. Early diagnosis via food challenge is crucial, especially for severe peanut allergies.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of food hypersensitivity in children.
  • Evolving clinical indications and allergen profiles.
  • Need for updated data on pediatric food allergies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate clinical indications and allergen distribution in children with food hypersensitivity.
  • To analyze the relationship between specific allergens and symptoms.
  • To identify trends in pediatric food allergy, particularly peanut allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study conducted at medical centers in Nancy and Toulouse, France.
  • Inclusion of 378 children diagnosed with food hypersensitivity via food challenge.
  • Analysis of clinical features, common allergens, and age-related allergy patterns.

Main Results:

  • Food challenge confirmed 74.2% of food hypersensitivity cases.
  • Atopic dermatitis (46.5%) was the most frequent clinical feature.
  • Egg (51.8%) and peanut (34.3%) were the predominant allergens, accounting for 82% of cases.
  • Peanut allergy was associated with more severe reactions and emerged as the primary allergy after age three.
  • Significant modification in children's allergen distribution observed, with a serious increase in peanut allergy.

Conclusions:

  • Egg and peanut are the leading causes of food hypersensitivity in French children.
  • Peanut allergy is a growing concern, often presenting with severe symptoms and appearing after age three.
  • Food challenge remains a necessary diagnostic tool for accurate food hypersensitivity assessment.

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