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Related Experiment Videos

Self presentation and cardiovascular reactivity.

T R Hartley1, G P Ginsburg, K Heffner

  • 1Behavioral Sciences Laboratories, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, USA.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|April 7, 1999
PubMed
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Control over social stressors influences cardiovascular responses, with active control impacting myocardial function and passive control affecting vascular resistance. Cognitive appraisals did not alter these distinct physiological reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Social stressors, such as self-presentation under evaluation, can elicit significant physiological responses.
  • Individual differences in perceived control may modulate these cardiovascular reactions.
  • The role of cognitive appraisals in mediating emotional and physiological arousal is a key area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the ability to control one's impression during social evaluation affects cardiovascular response patterns.
  • To determine if cognitive appraisals (challenge vs. threat) are necessary or sufficient for cardiovascular arousal during social stress.
  • To differentiate the underlying cardiovascular mechanisms associated with different levels of control.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Forty-two male subjects underwent cardiovascular monitoring (cardiac impedance, blood pressure).
  • Participants engaged in a self-presentation task, with conditions varying in control over tape revision (Active vs. Passive).
  • Control conditions assessed task-specific activities; self-reports measured stress, threat, and coping appraisals.

Main Results:

  • Blood pressure elevations were observed in both Active and Passive conditions, but via different mechanisms.
  • The Active condition showed myocardial responses (increased ejection fraction).
  • The Passive condition exhibited vascular responses (increased total peripheral resistance), independent of cognitive appraisals of challenge or threat.

Conclusions:

  • The opportunity to control social evaluative situations differentially impacts cardiovascular response patterns.
  • Myocardial and vascular mechanisms mediate cardiovascular reactivity depending on the level of perceived control.
  • Cognitive appraisals of challenge or threat did not influence these distinct cardiovascular responses to social stressors.