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Interactions between enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and epithelial cells.

M S Donnenberg1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, 21201, USA. mdonnenb@umaryland.edu

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|April 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) uses specialized proteins and a type III secretion system to adhere intimately to host cells. This interaction triggers changes in the host cell cytoskeleton, forming the attaching and effacing phenotype, though molecular details require further study.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathogen-Host Interactions

Background:

  • Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a significant human pathogen.
  • EPEC employs a complex, multi-step mechanism to infect host cells.
  • Understanding EPEC's virulence factors is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying EPEC's interaction with host cells.
  • To detail the roles of EPEC's type IV pilus and type III secretion system.
  • To investigate the signaling pathways involved in intimate bacterial attachment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of EPEC's type IV pilus for initial adherence.
  • Investigation of the type III secretion apparatus and its secreted Esp proteins.

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  • Characterization of host cell receptor activation and intimin-mediated binding.
  • Microscopic examination of host cell cytoskeletal rearrangements.

    • Main Results:

    • EPEC utilizes type IV pili for initial host cell attachment.
    • A type III secretion system transducts signals into host cells.
    • Secretion of three Esp proteins activates a phosphotyrosine-containing receptor.
    • Intimate EPEC attachment involves the bacterial protein intimin and host cell pedestals.

    Conclusions:

    • EPEC establishes intimate host cell contact through a sophisticated molecular cascade.
    • The attaching and effacing (A/E) phenotype involves significant host cytoskeletal modification.
    • The precise molecular interactions driving cytoskeletal alterations remain incompletely understood and warrant further research.