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Phytophotodermatitis: the other "lime" disease.

I C Weber1, C P Davis, D M Greeson

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 78229, USA.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|April 9, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Phytophotodermatitis is a skin reaction caused by plant chemicals and UV light. A patient developed a severe sunburn-like rash and dark spots after lime exposure on vacation.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Toxicology
  • Photobiology

Background:

  • Phytophotodermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction triggered by contact with photosensitizing plant compounds followed by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure.
  • This condition commonly presents acutely with erythema and vesiculation, resembling severe sunburn, and chronically with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • Key photosensitizing agents are furocoumarins, also known as psoralens, found in various plants.

Observation:

  • The case involves a patient who experienced an acute phototoxic eruption.
  • The eruption occurred subsequent to direct contact with limes.
  • The exposure took place during a beach vacation, implying significant UV light exposure.

Findings:

  • The patient presented with acute symptoms characteristic of phytophotodermatitis, including erythema and vesiculation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Following the resolution of the acute inflammatory phase, marked hyperpigmentation was observed in the affected skin areas.
  • The etiology was identified as contact with limes, a known source of furocoumarins.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights limes as a significant cause of phytophotodermatitis, even in recreational settings.
    • Understanding plant-induced phototoxic reactions is crucial for dermatologists and patients, especially during outdoor activities.
    • Prompt recognition and avoidance of causative agents are key to managing phytophotodermatitis and preventing recurrence.