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The fermionic hanbury brown and twiss experiment

Henny¹, Oberholzer, Strunk

¹Institute of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland. Department of Electronics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 9, 1999

Summary

Researchers demonstrated a quantum Hall effect experiment showing electron beam correlations. This confirms the fundamental principle of fermion exclusion, even in complex quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Condensed matter physics
Mesoscopic physics

Background:

The Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) experiment traditionally measures photon correlations.
Quantum Hall regime offers a unique platform for studying electron correlations due to its distinct electronic properties.
Understanding fermion behavior is crucial for developing quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To realize an electron-beam Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment.
To investigate quantum correlations in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) under quantum Hall conditions.
To demonstrate fermion exclusion principle via current fluctuations.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall regime.
Employing a metallic split gate as a tunable beam splitter for electron beams.
Analyzing current fluctuations in transmitted and reflected partial beams.

Main Results:

Observed full anticorrelation of fluctuations in partial beams in the nonequilibrium case.
Demonstrated that these anticorrelations are a direct consequence of fermion exclusion.
Measured negative and nonzero cross-correlation of current fluctuations in equilibrium when direct transmission exists.

Conclusions:

The electron-beam HBT experiment successfully verifies the fermion exclusion principle in a 2DEG.
Quantum correlations in electron transport can be precisely controlled and measured.
This work opens avenues for exploring quantum statistics in mesoscopic systems.