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Solar cycle variability, ozone, and climate

Shindell1, Rind, Balachandran

  • 1NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) and Center for Climate Systems Research, Columbia University, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA. E. O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 9, 1999
PubMed
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Global climate models reveal how stratospheric ozone changes amplify solar cycle irradiance variations, influencing climate. These stratospheric shifts impact tropospheric circulation, suggesting solar variability drives observed climate oscillations.

Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Solar Physics

Background:

  • The 11-year solar cycle influences Earth's climate through variations in solar irradiance.
  • Stratospheric ozone plays a crucial role in absorbing UV radiation and influencing atmospheric temperature and circulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how upper stratospheric ozone changes interact with solar cycle irradiance variations.
  • To understand the impact of these interactions on global climate patterns.
  • To assess the role of dynamical coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a global climate model with interactive stratospheric chemistry parameterization.
  • Simulated the effects of amplified solar cycle irradiance changes on atmospheric circulation.

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  • Analyzed the penetration of stratospheric circulation changes into the troposphere.

    • Main Results:

    • Upper stratospheric ozone changes were shown to amplify solar cycle irradiance effects on climate.
    • Stratospheric circulation changes induced by solar variability penetrated into the troposphere.
    • The model successfully reproduced observed 11-year oscillations, including geopotential height variations.

    Conclusions:

    • Stratospheric ozone variability is a key factor in amplifying solar cycle impacts on climate.
    • Dynamical coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere is critical for transmitting solar influences.
    • Observed climate oscillations are likely driven, in part, by solar variability.