Changing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the 'Ogilvie syndrome'

The only thing that has remained unchanged about the genuinely described 'Ogilvie syndrome' is its name. Recently it was considered to be an acute colonic pseudoobstruction, a clinical entity mimicking the mechanic ileus of the distal large intestine, without organic obstruction. It is almost always secondary to other diseases. Not all details of the pathogenesis are known, but it has become clear that the direct factor leading to the disturbance of the motility is a vegetative imbalance. X-ray findings are highly characteristic and critical in the planning of treatment. The danger for the patients is the progression of the state or the long duration of the process. Conservative treatment is suitable only for early cases, without complications. In case of failure non-invasive endoscopic or endoscopically assisted minimally invasive procedures may be mandatory. These methods have seen rapid advance in recent years. Uncertain diagnoses or complications call for open surgery. Cecostomy is the solution of choice anyway. The mortality is high in this group of elderly polymorbid patients. Authors compare six of their cases with data collected from the literature.