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Brain tumors in children.

R J Packer1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

Archives of Neurology
|April 13, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood brain tumors are a major cause of pediatric cancer deaths, differing from adult brain tumors. Effective treatment for most children over 3 involves chemotherapy, though some tumor types remain challenging.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Childhood Cancer Research

Background:

  • Childhood brain tumors represent the primary cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in children.
  • These tumors exhibit distinct characteristics compared to primary central nervous system tumors in adults.
  • Treatment decisions necessitate consideration of tumor type, patient age, and potential for treatment-induced neurological damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current management strategies for pediatric brain tumors.
  • To highlight the evolving role of chemotherapy in treating specific childhood brain tumor types.
  • To identify pediatric brain tumors that continue to pose significant therapeutic challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current treatment modalities for pediatric brain tumors.

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  • Analysis of chemotherapy's role in treating medulloblastomas, low-grade gliomas, and high-grade gliomas.
  • Identification of challenging pediatric brain tumor subtypes requiring further research.

    • Main Results:

    • Most children over 3 years of age can be effectively treated with current therapeutic approaches.
    • Chemotherapy plays an increasingly significant role in managing childhood medulloblastomas, low-grade gliomas, and high-grade gliomas.
    • Atypical teratoid tumors, brainstem gliomas, malignant gliomas, and malignant infantile tumors present ongoing therapeutic difficulties.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric brain tumor management requires a personalized approach considering tumor biology and patient factors.
    • Chemotherapy is a cornerstone in treating several common childhood brain tumors, improving outcomes.
    • Further research and novel therapeutic strategies are crucial for addressing intractable pediatric brain tumors.