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The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences.

Hsu1, Wolf

  • 1Department of Biology, Syracuse University

Animal Behaviour
|March 8, 1999
PubMed
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Prior fighting experiences significantly influence future aggressive behavior in fish. Recent wins or losses have a stronger impact, with effects lasting at least 48 hours.

Area of Science:

  • Ethology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • State-dependent behavior integrates multiple influences on current actions.
  • Prior contest experience affects aggressive behavior.
  • Integration of multiple fighting experiences into decisions is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how prior fighting experiences influence subsequent contest outcomes in Rivulus marmoratus.
  • Determine the relative impact of recent versus penultimate fighting experiences.
  • Assess the duration of winning and losing experiences on fighting decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Fish (Rivulus marmoratus) received distinct combinations of two prior fighting experiences.
  • Penultimate and recent experiences were administered 48 and 24 hours before dyadic contests, respectively.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Contest outcomes were analyzed to evaluate the effects of prior experiences.

    • Main Results:

    • Penultimate fighting experiences significantly affected subsequent win probability.
    • More recent experiences had a greater impact than earlier ones.
    • Both winning and losing experiences persisted for at least 48 hours, with no asymmetric effect detected.

    Conclusions:

    • Prior fighting experiences play a crucial role in shaping contest behavior.
    • The recency of experience is a key factor, suggesting experience decay or interference.
    • Experience effects in Rivulus marmoratus are relatively long-lasting, extending beyond 48 hours.